Tongkat Ali (E. longifolia) is a traditional herb that is considered to possess aphrodisiac properties. For this action to occur the herb must be consumed, although bioavailability of some of the phytochemicals within the herb may be poor. Many studies on the effects of Tongkat Ali of sexual parameters have been performed on animals. However, these studies consistently show a beneficial effects on reproductive behaviour and sexual function in anaimals models. The mechanism of action is not understood, and studies have suggested that increases in testosterone may play a role. However, other studies have been less clear. Some evidence suggests that the herb may increase the release of luteinizing hormone, which in turn may stimulate testosterone synthesis from the testes. Other mechanisms may relate to activation of the nervous system or a general health effect from the presence of antioxidants. However, more studies need to be performed on humans if the beneficial effects are to be confirmed.
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